The British had regained control of the country by the end of 1859 but they could not carry on ruling the land with the same policies any more. Given below are the important changes that were introduced by the British. The british parliament passed a new act in 1858 and transferred the powers of the East India company to the British crown in order to ensure a more responsible management of India affairs. A member the British cabint was appointed seçretary of state for India and made responsible for all matters related to the governance of india he was given a council to advise him called the India council the governor .

On 8 April 1857 a young soldier Mangal Pandey was hanged to death for attacking his officers in Barrackpore. Some days later, some sepoys of the regiment at Meerut refused to do the army drill using the new cartridges which were suspected of being coated with the fat of cows and pigs. Eighty five sepoys were dismissed from service and sentenced to ten years in jail for disobeying their officers. This happened on 9 may 1857. The response of the other Indian soldiers in meerut was quite extraordinary. On 10 May .the soldiers matched to the jail the in meerut and released the imprisoned sepoys they attached and killed British officers. They captured guns and ammunition and set fire to the buildings and properties of the British and declared war on the firangis. The soldiers were determined to bring an end to their rulje in the country. But who wound ruld the lands instead ? The soldiers had an answer to this qustion the Mughal emperor Nahadur Shah Zafar. 

Precipitation 

India receives much precipitation in comparison to the rest of the world the average annual precipitation in Indian is 1170 mm while the world average is 700 mm. Generally the precipitation is in form of rain mainly the Himalayan sonw flow into the region receives snow fall in winter  the snow  melts in spring  and Summer the water of melting snow flows into the rivers originating in the Himalayas. Thus many of our rivers get replenished twice a year once when the snow melts and then during the monsoon.  Rainfall in most of india occurs during the monsoon months of juns to September. Only Tamil Nadu and parts of kerala get much Rainfall in winter October December you could say they have two rainy seasons one is Summer and one in winter. In many areas of india for example parts of Bihar dishar 

If we look carefully on the sides of a trench made by digging soil from the surface of earth downwards we will find that the soil consists of different layers. Scientists call these layers horizons. 

A horizon                             this is the uppermost lay of soil often refered to as to topsoil lt is dark due to the pressure of humus the particles of this layer are the finest and the roots of only very big trees manage to reach the next layer.                     B horizon                            

 The Polar Region

Polar regions are situated near the poles and remain covered with snow. The climate in the poles is poles is very cold for most part of the year. During winter the temperature can be as low as _37⁰ c . For six months in a year the sun does not set while for the other six months the sun does not rise. Animals found in the polar region are penguins polar bears foxes fishes reindeers birds seals and whales. 

Adaptations in a poler bear.    The body has a white fur. This blends with the white background of snow this adaptations protects the poler bear from predators. It also helps in catching the prey. The fun has two layers. These two thick layers of fur protect the poler bear from the extremely cold surroundings. Other that fur a thick layer of fat is present under the skin. This layer of fat also helps to keep the body warm.

Water A National Resource 

Water is a renewable natural resources. It is vital body fluid which regulates life. Processes such as digestion of food transportation of nutrients and excretion of body wastes etc. It is also required for the germination of seeds. Water is an important participant of photosynthesis. Water provider habitat to many animalso and plants. All animals and plants living in water are adapted to live in water. There is enough fresh water on the Earth to meet our present requirements. But there is a global shortage of usable water. At many places there is an acute shortage of water. It is estimated that a few years from now more than one third of the people on our earth will not get sufficient water to live. The water table is falling in most areas. It something is not done to check it soon we will be facing water crisis to prevent it we should have water as a part of community efforts in this direction water harvesting in being 

               Internet

  A computer network network is simply a connection of two or more computers to exchange information. A small network can be as simple as two computer  linked together by a single cable. 

          Interet

Internet is the largest network of computers in the world and it has millions of computers connected to each other to share information. These computers are connected throughout  satellite and cables. The Internet is also called global network of computers 

INTRODUINTRODUCTION  TO ADOBE PHOTOSHOP

Adobe photoshop is software that is extensively used raster imags editing graphic design and digital art. It makes use of layering to allow for depth  and fle ability in the design and editing process as well as provide powerful editing tools. That when combined are capable of just about anything. 

1*    Uses of Phroshop in photo & Imags Editing works 

You can use Adobe Photoshop to retouch your digital and scanned photographys.                2* Uses of Adobe Photoshop in Graphics Designing Works 

In Adobe photoshop tou can create flyers. Books cover designs brochure designs and various other branding  and  marketing materials for business. 

3* Uses of Adobe photoshop in pattern and texture designs.

pattern and text ure are  the easiest work that you can do in Adobe  Photoshop but that require little creativity . Image patterns product background pattern text pattern etc. Help to design concept quickly and make it more attractive for users. 

Step _1:  start.             Step -2: fill the kettle with water.         Step _ 3:  Plug the kettle into the electricity point.         Step -4: Boil the water.                           Step - 5: Fetch the cup.                              Step-6: Put a tea bag in the cup.                   Step -7: Pour boiling water in the cup.         Step-8: Add sugar and stir.                        Step -9: Add milk and stir.                         Step -10: Take out the tea bag.

 {. Algorithm program and flowcharting. }            

As you know that although a computer is a versatile and powerful machine and do a variety of things but still it doesn't know what to do on its own. Solving a problem on the computer can be quite a complex phenomenon. A user might make a mistake or forget some statements in solving the problem. This to avoid any mistake in the program it should be planned in advance. The logic of problem should be very clear before you undertake the work on computer. Now this logic can be facilitated by the use of an algorithm or a program or a flowchart.                                                      {  Algorithm }    

An algorithm is a step by step  demonstration of data processing orbproblem solving this page will introduce the definition types and applications of algorithm.